Jaw Trauma
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Maxillary fracture (MX/FX):
Fracture of the upper jaw (maxilla and other facial bones)
Mandibular fracture (MN/FX):
Fracture of the lower jaw (mandible)
Sympyseal separation (SYM/S):
Separation of the two mandibles in the mandibular symphysis; this includes parasymphyseal fractures where the fracture line is partly or completely paramedian to the symphysis; repair of symphyseal separation with wire (circumferential or interquadrant) and/or intraoral resin splinting is abbreviated with
Repair of a jaw fracture (FX/R):
Used when any of the other abbreviations do not describe the jaw fracture repair technique applied
Maxillomandibular fixation (FX/R/MMF):
Fixation that brings together the upper and lower jaws; use
MMF
for devices other than muzzles and splints
Muzzling (FX/R/MZ):
Maxillomandibular fixation using a prefabricated or custom-made muzzle; also used in horses to prevent eating (e.g., post sedation)
Interarch splinting (FX/R/IAS):
Maxillomandibular fixation using intraoral splints (commonly resin that can be reinforced with wire)
Interquadrant splinting (FX/R/IQS):
Fixation using intraoral splints (commonly resin that can be reinforced with wire) between the left and right upper or lower jaw quadrants
Interdental splinting (FX/R/IDS):
Fixation using intraoral splints (commonly resin that can be reinforced with wire) between teeth within a dental arch
Intraosseous wiring (FX/R/WIR/OS):
Fixation using intraosseous wire
Bone plating (FX/R/PL):
Fixation using bone plates
External skeletal fixation (FX/R/EXF):
Fixation using pins or wires and extraoral splinting
Wire cerclage (FX/R/WIR/C):
Fixation using circumferential wiring